Preface -- Introduction -- Impressionism and Romanticism -- Thematic Continuities -- Effect and Emotion in Romantic and Impressionist Painting -- Effect and Finish: The Evolution of the Impressionist Style -- Impressionism and Science -- Romantic versus Normal Science in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries -- Science and the Arts -- The Optical as a Path to the Personal: The Writings of Duranty, Martelli, and Laforgue -- The Gendering of Impressionism -- The Gendering of Art, Science, and Nature in the Nineteenth Century -- Impressionism and Symbolism -- The Republican Defense of Science and The Regendering of Impressionism -- Impressionism and Modernism