SECTION 1 Foundations of Peripheral Nerve Blocks
1. Essential Regional Anesthesia Anatomy 3
2. Local Anesthetics: Clinical Pharmacology and Rational Selection 29
3. Equipment for Peripheral Nerve Blocks 43
4. Electrical Nerve Stimulators and Localization of Peripheral Nerves 57
5. Monitoring and Documentation 73
6. Indications for Peripheral Nerve Blocks 83
7. Continuous Peripheral Nerve Blocks in Outpatients 99
8. Regional Anesthesia in the Anticoagulated Patient 111
9. Toxicity of Local Anesthetics 123
10. Neurologic Complications of Peripheral Nerve Blocks 131

SECTION 2 Nerve Stimulator and Surface Based Nerve Block Techniques
11. Cervical Plexus Block 145
12. nterscalene Brachial Plexus Block 155
13. Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block 173
14. Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block 181
15. Axillary Brachial Plexus Block 193
16. Wrist Block 205
17. Cutaneous Nerve Blocks of the Upper Extremity 213
18. Lumbar Plexus Block 223
19. Sciatic Block 235
20. Popliteal Sciatic Block 255
21. Femoral Nerve Block 273
22. Ankle Block 287
23. Thoracic Paravertebral Block 299
24. Intercostal Block 309

SECTION 3 Intravenous Regional Anesthesia
25. Bier Block 319

SECTION 4 Foundations Of Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks
26. Ultrasound Physics 329
27. Optimizing an Ultrasound Image 341

SECTION 5 Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks
28. Ultrasound-Guided Cervical Plexus Block 351
29. Ultrasound-Guided Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block 357
30. Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block 365
31. Ultrasound-Guided Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block 373
32. Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Brachial Plexus Block 381
33. Ultrasound-Guided Forearm Blocks 389
34. Ultrasound-Guided Wrist Block 395
35. Ultrasound-Guided Femoral Nerve Block 401
36. Ultrasound-Guided Fascia Iliaca Block 409
37. Ultrasound-Guided Obturator Nerve Block 415
38. Ultrasound-Guided Saphenous Nerve Block 423
39. Ultrasound-Guided Sciatic Block 429
40. Ultrasound-Guided Popliteal Sciatic Block 443
41. Ultrasound-Guided Ankle Block 453
42. Common Ultrasound-Guided Truncal and Cutaneous Blocks 461

SECTION 6 Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial and Perineuraxial Blocks
43. Introduction 477
44. Spinal Sonography and Considerations for Ultrasound-Guided Central Neuraxial Blockade 479
45. Sonography of Thoracic Paravertebral Space and Considerations for Ultrasound-Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block 501
46. Ultrasound of the Lumbar Paravertebral Space and Considerations for Lumbar Plexus Block 507

SECTION 7 Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial and Perineuraxial Blocks 513
SECTION 8 Atlas of Surface Anatomy 671