Introduction xiii
Mobile TV-A Prologue xxi
Overview of Technologies 1
About Mobile TV 3
Mobile TV: A New Reality 5
What Is Mobile TV? 5
How Is Mobile TV Different from Ordinary Terrestrial or Satellite TV? 6
What Else Is Different about Mobile TV? 7
Standards for Mobile TV 8
Resources for Delivering Mobile TV 9
The Mobile TV Community 10
New Growth Areas for Mobile TV 10
Is Mobile TV Really Important? 11
Introduction to Digital Multimedia 13
Introduction 13
Picture 14
Video 22
Television Transmission Standards 27
Analog Signal Formats 28
Digital Video Formats 29
Video Bit Rate Reduction 33
MPEG Compression 37
Compression Standards 40
H.264/AVC (MPEG-4 Part 10) 46
Video File Formats 49
Audio Coding 51
Audio Compression 54
Summary and File Formats 60
Introduction to Streaming and Mobile Multimedia 63
What Is Mobile Multimedia? 63
Streaming 65
Streaming Players and Servers 70
Rich Media-Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language 73
Mobile Multimedia 77
Information Transmission over 3G Networks 81
File Formats for Mobile Multimedia 82
File Formats for 3GPP and 3GPP2 88
Creating and Delivering 3GPP and 3GPP2 Content 90
Rich Media and 3GPP 91
Messaging Applications in 3GPP 91
Examples of Mobile Networks Using 3GPP Content 92
Multimedia Formats for "Broadcast Mode" Mobile TV Networks 93
Graphics and Animations in the Mobile Environment 93
Application Standards and Open Mobile Alliance 97
Summary of File Formats Used in Mobile Multimedia 98
Overview of Cellular Mobile Networks 99
Introduction 99
Cellular Mobile Services-A Brief History 100
2.5G Technologies: GPRS 105
EDGE Networks 106
CDMA Technologies 106
Handling Data and Multimedia Applications over Mobile Networks 109
3G Networks and Data Transmission 113
Mobile Networks-A Few Country-Specific Examples 116
3G Networks 120
Overview of Technologies for Mobile TV 123
Why New Technologies for Mobile TV? 123
What Does a Mobile TV Service Require? 126
Mobile TV Services on Cellular Networks 126
Digital TV Broadcast Networks 127
Digital Audio Broadcasting and Digital Multimedia Broadcasting 129
Mobile TV Broadcast Using Digital Multimedia Broadcast Terrestrial Technologies (T-DMB) 130
Broadcast and Unicast Technologies for Mobile TV 130
Broadcast Mobile TV and Interactivity 132
Overview of Technologies 133
Mobile TV Using 3G Platforms 137
Mobile TV Services Using Terrestrial Transmission 145
Terrestrial Broadcasting Technologies for Mobile TV 149
Overview of DVB-H Services 150
Mobile TV Using DMB Technologies 152
MediaFLO Mobile TV Service 161
DAB-IP Services for Mobile TV 165
Mobile TV Using ISDB-T Services 165
Mobile TV Using WiMAX Technologies 167
Comparison of Mobile TV Services 169
Mobile Services Using 3G (UMTS/WCDMA/CDMA2000) 169
Mobile Services Using DVB-H Technology 170
Outlook for Mobile TV Services 171
Technologies for Mobile TV and Multimedia Broadcasting 175
Mobile TV Using 3G Technologies 177
Introduction 177
What Are TV Services over Mobile Networks? 179
Overview of Cellular Network Capabilities for Carrying Mobile TV 181
Standardization for Carriage of Multimedia over 3G Networks 188
Mobile TV Streaming Using 3GPP Standards-Packet-Switched Streaming Service 190
Universal Mobile Telecommunication System 194
Data Rate Capabilities of WCDMA Networks 201
HSDPA Networks 205
Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service 207
Mobile TV Services Based on CDMA Networks 209
Wi-Fi Mobile TV Delivery Extensions 214
Broadcasting to 3GPP Networks 214
A Typical 3GPP Headend for Mobile TV 216
Mobile TV Services Using DVB-H Technologies 217
Introduction: Digital Video Broadcasting to Handhelds 217
Why DVB-H? 218
How Does DVB-H Work? 219
Technology of DVB-H 222
DVB-H IP Datacasting 227
Network Architecture 228
DVB-H Transmission 229
DVB-H Transmitter Networks 230
Terminals and Handheld Units 233
DVB-H Implementation Profiles 233
Open-Air Interface 236
Electronic Service Guide in DVB-H 237
DVB-H Pilot Projects and Commercial Launches 238
Example of a DVB-H Transmission System for Mobile TV 240
Mobile TV Using Digital Multimedia Broadcast (DMB) Services 245
Introduction to DMB Services 245
A Brief Overview of DAB Services 246
How Is the DAB Structure Modified for DMB Services? 247
Satellite and Terrestrial DMB Services 251
DMB Services in Korea 252
DMB Services Ground Segment 259
S-DMB System Specifications 260
DMB Trials and Service Launches 260
Mobile TV and Multimedia Services Interoperability 263
Introduction 263
Organizations for the Advancement of Interoperability 267
Network Interoperability and Roaming 269
Roaming 271
Interoperability of Multimedia Services 275
Handset Features for Roaming and Interoperable Networks 280
Summary 282
Spectrum for Mobile TV Services 283
Introduction 283
Background of Spectrum Requirements for Mobile TV Services 286
Which Bands Are Most Suitable for Mobile TV? 289
Mobile TV Spectrum 292
Country-Specific Allocation and Policies 299
Spectrum Allocation for Wireless Broadband Services 306
Will Mobile TV Be Spectrum Constrained? 308
Multimedia Handsets and Related Technologies 309
Chip Sets for Mobile TV and Multimedia Applications 311
Introduction: Multimedia Mobile Phone Functionalities 312
Functional Requirements of Mobile TV Chip Sets 313
Chip Sets and Reference Designs 317
Chip Sets for 3G Mobile TV 320
Chip Sets for DVB-H Technologies 323
Eureka 147 DAB Chip Set 326
Chip Sets for DMB Technologies 327
Industry Trends 330
Outlook for Advanced Chip Sets 331
Operating Systems and Software for Mobile TV and Multimedia Phones 333
Introduction-Software Structure on Mobile Phones 333
Software Organization in Mobile Phones 335
Why Is the Operating System Important in Mobile Phones? 337
Common Operating Systems for Mobile Devices 339
Middleware in Mobile Phones 349
Applications Software Functionalities for Mobile Multimedia 353
Integrating Mobile Office with Multimedia and TV 357
Handsets for Mobile TV and Multimedia Services 359
Introduction: Handset Functionalities for a Multimedia and Mobile TV Phone 359
Handset Features for Rich Multimedia Experience 360
Features of Multimedia Phones 361
Mobile Phone Architecture 364
Handling Video, Audio, and Rich Media: Media Processors 367
Handsets and Features for 3G Services 369
Handsets for DVB-H Services 372
DMB Multimedia Phones 372
Multinetwork and Multistandard Phones 373
Phones for WiMAX and WiBro Technologies 373
Hard-Disk Mobile Phones 374
Integrating Phone Features Wi-LAN and Bluetooth 375
Can the Handsets Be Upgraded with Technology? 375
Summary 375
Appendix: Nokia N90 Technical Specifications 376
Content and Services on Mobile TV and Multimedia Networks 381
Mobile TV Services and Multimedia Services Worldwide 383
Introduction 383
Approach to Mobile TV Networks 385
Content Models of Commercial Operators 391
Operational Networks 393
Summary 403
Content for Mobile TV Networks 405
Introduction: the New Interactive Media Opportunity 405
Mobile TV Content 409
Interactive Services 412
Delivery Platforms 419
Content Formats for Mobile TV 421
Content Authoring Tools 424
Mobile Content in the Broadcast Environment 428
Summary: Focus on Content Development and Delivery Platforms 428
Interactivity and Mobile TV 431
Introduction: Why Interactivity in Broadcast Mobile TV? 431
Making Mobile TV Interactive 432
Tools for Interactivity 437
Platforms for Providing Interactive Mobile TV Applications 441
Example of Interactive End-to-End Applications and Networks: The Norwegian Broadcasting Corp. Trial 441
Summary 442
Content Security for Mobile TV 443
Introduction: Pay TV Content Security 443
Security in Mobile Broadcast Networks 447
Conditional Access Systems for Mobile TV 448
Examples of Mobile CA systems 450
Digital Rights Management and OMA 450
Content Security and Technology 456
Multimedia Applications and High-Capacity SIMs 459
Examples of Mobile Broadcast Content Security 460
Models for Selection of Content Security 464
Mobile TV and Multimedia-the Future 465
Major Factors Influencing the Direction of the Mobile TV and Multimedia Industries 466
Future Challenges for Mobile TV and Multimedia Services 470
Leading Indicators for Growth in Mobile TV Services 472
Summary 474
Glossary 475
Index 489