Preface xi
Acknowledgments xv
About the Authors xvii
Chapter 1 (Re)volution of Qualitative Inquiry 1
Introduction to Intersectionality 3
Evolution of Qualitative Research 6
Centering Intersectionality in Qualitative Inquiry 12
Decolonizing Methodologies 14
Intersectionality and identity Politics 16
Intersectionality in Qualitative Research 20
Intersectional Research 22
How to Read This Book 23
Discussion Questions 24
Chapter 2 Theoretical Underpinnings of Qualitative Research 25
Ontology 27
Epistemology 29
Theory 31
Methodology 34
Critical Qualitative Research 35
Conclusion 36
Discussion Questions 37
Recommended Readings 38
Chapter 3 The Ethics of Intersectionality 39
Human Experimentation 41
The Right to Consent 43
Deception in the Name of Science 46
Nuremberg Code and Belmont Report 48
Informed Consent 50
Consent and Assent 50
Institutional Review Boards 51
Protecting Confidentiality 52
Ethical Dilemmas 55
Conclusion 56
Discussion Questions 57
Chapter 4 Methodology 59
Ethnography 59
Critical Ethnography 63
Autoethnography 63
A Note About Methodological Choices 64
Arts-Based Research 65
Example 1 Methodology 67
Narrative Inquiry 67
Case Study 68
Example 2 Methodology 69
Example 3 Methodology 69
Example 4 Methodology 71
Research Design 71
Depth versus Breadth 71
Emergent Design 73
Research Questions 73
Sampling 75
Putting It All Together 77
Summary 79
Discussion Questions 80
Chapter 5 Data Collection Methods 81
Framing the Dialogue on Data Collection 81
Developing Trust 84
Reflexivity 85
Interviews 88
Focus on the Participant 91
The Number of Interviews 91
Interview Questions 92
Initial Contact 92
Interview Setting 94
Recording Equipment 95
Poker Face 95
Active Listening 95
Be Observant 96
Probe, Probe, Probe 96
Be Careful How You Phrase Questions 97
Don't Ask Your Research Questions 97
Personal Questions 98
Interviewing Children 99
Focus Groups 100
Observations 102
Document Analysis 105
Other Data Collection Methods 106
Summary 107
Discussion Questions 107
Chapter 6 Data Analysis, Part 1 109
Data Management 110
Electronic Storage 110
Starting Data Analysis 112
Finding Your Place 115
Coding 116
Coding Cycles 117
Example of Coding 119
Coding an Interview Two Ways 124
Recoding 125
Code Lists 127
Moving from Codes to Themes 128
Computer-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS) 130
Conclusion 131
Transcribing 131
Negotiating Subjectivities during Analysis 132
Discontinuing Data 133
Discussion Questions 133
Chapter 7 Data Analysis, Part 2 135
Theorizing Data 137
Memoing 138
Example 7.1 First Memo 141
Example 7.2 Second Memo 141
Example 7.3 Third Memo 142
Example 7.4 Fourth Memo 142
Example 7.5 Fifth Memo 144
Methods of Analysis 145
Thematic Analysis 147
Narrative Analysis 148
Discourse Analysis 149
Subjectivity Statements 151
Getting It Right 152
How Do We Know We Have Interpreted the Data Correctly? 152
Triangulation 153
How Do We Know We Have Interpreted the Data Ethically and Responsibly? 155
Conclusion 162
Discussion Questions 162
Chapter 8 Authorial Voice: Inter sectional Conversations 163
Writing Rituals 164
Voice in Qualitative Inquiry 167
The Literature Review and Voice 171
The Research Proposal 172
Michelle's Story 173
Introduction to the Study 174
Michelle's Introduction to the Study 175
The Literature Review 177
Michelle's Approach to the Literature Review 179
Writing Up Your Findings 181
Summary 183
Discussion Questions 184
Chapter 9 The Reimagining and Possibilities of Qualitative Inquiry 185
References 191
Index 199