Foreword

Stuart Firestein

Editors’ Introduction

John Bickle, Carl F. Craver and Ann-Sophie Barwich

Section I: Research Tools in Relation to Theories

1. Tinkering in the Lab

John Bickle

2. Tools, experiments and theories: An examination of the role of experiment tools

Gregory Johnson

3. Science in practice in neuroscience: The Cincinnati water maze in the making

Nina A. Atanasova, Michael T. Williams and Charles V. Voorhees

4. Where molecular science meets perfumery: A behind-the-scenes look at SCAPE microscopy and its theoretical impact on current olfaction

Ann-Sophie Barwich and Lu Xu

5. A different role for tinkering: Brain fog, COVID-19, and the accidental nature of Neurobiological Theory Development

Valerie Gray Hardcastle and C. Matthew Stewart

Section II: Research Tools and Epistemology

6. Dissemination and adaptiveness as key variables in tools that fuel scientific revolutions

Alcino J. Silva

7. Towards an epistemology of intervention: Optogenetics and maker’s knowledge

Carl F. Craver

8. Triangulating tools in the messiness of cognitive neuroscience

Antonella Tramacere

9. Prediction, explanation and the "toolbox" problem

Marco J. Nathan

Section III: Research Tools, Integration, Circuits and Ontology

10. How do tools obstruct (and facilitate) integration in neuroscience?

David J. Colaco

11. Understanding brain circuits: do new experimental tools need to address new concepts?

David Parker

12. Cognitive ontologies, task ontologies and explanation in cognitive neuroscience

Daniel Burnston

Section IV: Tools and Integrative Pluralism

13. "It takes two to make a thing go right": The coevolution of technological and mathematical tools in neuroscience

Luis Favela

14. Hybrid brains: Interfacing living neurons and circuits with computational models

Astrid Prinz

Section V: Tool Use and Development Beyond Neuroscience

15. Beyond actual difference making: Causal selections in genetics

Janella Baxter