Introduction
Who are counsellors and helpers?
What are basic counselling skills?
Helpers and helpees as diverse persons
What you bring to counselling and helping
The helping relationship
The helping process

Specific counselling skills
Understanding the internal frame of reference
Showing attention and interest
Paraphrasing and reflecting feelings
Starting, structuring and summarizing
Asking questions
Monitoring
Offering challenges and feedback
Self-disclosing
Managing resistances and making referrals
Facilitating problem solving
Coaching, demonstrating and rehearsing
Improving helpees’ self-talk Improving helpees’ rules
Improving helpees’ perceptions
Negotiating homework
Conducting middle sessions
Ending helping

Further considerations
Introduction to relaxation
Managing crises
Ethical issues and dilemmas
Multicultural and gender aware helping
Getting support and being supervised
Becoming more skilled
Appendix 1 Annotated bibliography
Appendix 2 Professional associations in Britain, Australia and America