Introduction: epistemic contestations in the hybrid media environment 1. Circulation of conspiracy theories in the attention factory 2. The rise of “gaslighting”: debates about disinformation on Twitter and 4chan, and the possibility of a “good echo chamber.” 3. How conspiracy theorists argue: epistemic capital in the QAnon social media sphere 4. The production of knowledge through religious and social media infrastructure: world making practices among Brazilian Pentecostals 5. “This attack is intended to destroy Poland”: bio-power, conspiratorial knowledge, and the 2020 Women’s Strike in Poland 6. An epistemic proxy war? Popular communication, epistemic contestations and violent conflict in Ethiopia