1 Problem solving in the assessment of treatment outcomes, quality assurance, and their integration into endodontic treatment planning 1
2 Problem-solving applications of contemporary technologies and materials 31
3 Problem-solving vital pulp therapy including the management of the incompletely formed root apex 57
4 Problem solving in access openings, orifice locations, and initial preparation 85
5 Problem solving in locating and negotiating fine and calcified canals 115
6 Problem solving in the use of irrigants, chelating agents, and oisinfectants : their role in tissue removal and microbial control 143
7 Problem solving in canal cleaning and shaping : traditional and contemporary techniques 155
8 Problem solving in root canal obturation : traditional and contemporary techniques 197
9 Problem-solving challenges in the revision of previous root canal procedures 239
10 Problem solving the management of painful tooth emergencies 281
11 Problem solving the diagnosis, identification, and management of tooth resorption 311
12 Problem-solving challenges in apical surgery 337
13 Problem-solving challenges in periradicular surgery 359
14 Problem solving the diagnosis and management of accidental tooth trauma 403
15 Problem solving in the diagnosis and management of fractured teeth - nonaccidental trauma 433
16 Problem-solving issues that determine tooth retention versus replacement 457
17 Problem-solving endodontic-orthodontic clinical challenges 485
18 Problem-solving practical issues and challenges encountered in pulpal-periodontal relationships 507
19 Problem solving in the restoration of endodontically treated teeth 537