About the Author ix
Kaplan Panel of AP Experts xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Part 1 The Basics
Chapter 1 Inside the AP Psychology Exam 3
Overview of the Test Structure 3
How the Exam Is Scored 4
Registration and Fees 5
Additional Resources 5
Chapter 2 Strategies for Success: It's Not Always How Much You Know 7
How to Approach the Multiple-Choice Questions 7
How to Approach the Free-Response Questions 10
Stress Management 11
Countdown to the Test 12
Part 2 Diagnostic Test
Diagnostic Test 17
Answers and Explanations 20
How to Make This Book Work for You Based on the Results of Your Diagnostic 22
Part 3 AP Psychology Review
Chapter 3 History and Systems of Psychology 25
Biological Approach 27
Behavioral Approach 28
Cognitive Approach 29
Humanistic Approach 29
Psychoanalytic Approach 30
Sociocultural Approach 30
Review Questions 31
Answers and Explanations 34
Chapter 4 Research Methods 37
Observation 37
Experimental Techniques 39
Experimental Design 40
Statistics 41
Inferential Statistics 42
Ethics 42
Review Questions 44
Answers and Explanations 47
Chapter 5 Biopsychology 49
Research Methods in Biopsychology 49
The Brain 50
The Neuron 52
Genetics 53
Review Questions 54
Answers and Explanations 57
Chapter 6 Sensation and Perception 59
Visual System 59
Auditory System 61
Measuring Perception 63
Review Questions 64
Answers and Explanations 67
Chapter 7 Consciousness 69
Sleep 69
Sleep Disorders 71
Attention 72
Review Questions 73
Answers and Explanations 76
Chapter 8 Motivation and Emotion 79
Biological Motivation 79
Psychological Motivation 80
Goal-Setting 81
Emotions 81
Review Questions 82
Answers and Explanations 85
Chapter 9 Learning 87
Classical Conditioning 87
Operant Conditioning 89
Applications of Learning 91
Review Questions 92
Answers and Explanations 95
Chapter 10 Cognition 97
Memory 97
Encoding 98
Retrieval 99
Organization 99
Review Questions 101
Answers and Explanations 104
Chapter 11 Language 107
What Is Language? 107
How Do We Learn Language? 108
Language Acquisition 108
Linguistic Universals 109
Review Questions 111
Answers and Explanations 114
Chapter 12 Development 117
Physical Development 117
Cognitive Development 119
Social Development 118
Review Questions 122
Answers and Explanations 125
Chapter 13 Personality 127
Psychodynamic Theory 127
Trait Theorists 130
Humanistic/Phenomenological Theories 131
Learning Theories 131
Review Questions 132
Answers and Explanations 135
Chapter 14 Psychological Disorders 137
Some Statistics 137
What Makes Something a Psychological Disorder? 138
Categories of Psychological Disorders 138
Review Questions 143
Answers and Explanations 146
Chapter 15 Therapy 149
Drug Therapy 149
Freud's Therapeutic Technique 150
Cognitive Therapy 151
Humanistic/Phenomenological Therapy 151
Behavioral Therapy 152
Review Questions 153
Answers and Explanations 156
Chapter 16 Social Psychology 159
Impression Formation 159
Attribution Theory 160
Interpersonal Relations 160
Aggression 161
Social Influence 161
Group Processes 162
Review Questions 163
Answers and Explanations 166
Chapter 17 Applied and Other Areas of Psychology 169
Psychology and the Law 169
Psychology of Underrepresented Groups 170
Industrial/Organizational Psychology 170
Health Psychology 170
Sports Psychology 170
Modern Areas of Psychology 171
Review Questions 172
Answers and Explanations 175
Part 4 Practice Tests
How to Take the Practice Tests 178
How to Compute Your Score 179
Practice Test 1 183
Answer Key 199
Answers and Explanations 200
Practice Test 2 213
Answer Key 229
Answers and Explanations 230
AP Psychology Glossary 241