List of Figures x
List of Tables and Boxes xi
Foreword
by Sigrid Stagl xii
Acknowledgements xvi
Notes on Contributors xvii
Abbreviations xix
Series Editor's Preface xxi
Part I The Energy Policy Agenda
1. Introduction: Climate Policy is Energy Policy
by Steve Sorrell 3
1.1 Energy policy in context 4
1.2 Energy security and energy 'shocks' 7
1.3 Climate change in a global perspective 10
1.4 Energy for the future: An overview of the new agenda 17
2. International Regimes for Energy: Finding the Right Level for Policy
by Francis McGowan 20
2.1 Governing energy at the global level 22
2.2 Regional governance: A better fit? 27
2.3 Making energy and climate policy: A multilevel challenge 33
3. Energy Issues: Framing and Policy Change
by David Ockwell 35
3.1 A discourse perspective 37
3.2 Energy policy goals, positions and debates 43
3.3 Reframing energy policy? 52
4. Energy Governance: The Challenges of Sustainability
by Adrian Smith 54
4.1 Today's problems, yesterday's governance 56
4.2 Inherited energy systems, sustainable transformations 62
4.3 Generic challenges for sustainable energy governance 68
4.4 Empowering energy policy 74
5. Lessons from the UK on Urgency and Legitimacy in Energy Policymaking
by Gordon MacKerron 76
5.1 Energy policy in the UK, 1945-2000 76
5.2 The new energy debate after 2000 79
5.3 Reconciling urgency and legitimacy 88
6. Lock-In
by Gordon MacKerron 89
6.1 An evolutionary perspective: Evidence and theory 90
6.2 'Free' market ideology and practice as a barrier to transitions 95
6.3 Competition is not everything 100
Part II Towards a New Agenda
7. Deliberative Socio-Technical Transitions
by Florian Kern 103
7.1 Technocracy in energy policy: A critique 107
7.2 Promoting transitions through deliberation, scenarios and learning 110
7.3 Deliberative energy policymaking for transitions 121
8. Technology Assessment and Innovation Policy
by Jim Watson 123
8.1 Not picking winners? 126
8.2 Setting future priorities 131
8.3 Playing to national strengths: The UK example 141
9. Distributed Generation: Transforming the Electricity Network
by Dierk Bauknecht 147
9.1 Distributed generation 148
9.2 The infrastructure and governance challenges 152
9.3 Network transformation 154
9.4 Politics, policy and regulation 163
10. Energy and the Citizen
by Jim Watson 165
10.1 Home energy: A green future? 166
10.2 Individual and community action: Removing barriers 171
10.3 Limits to choice? 175
10.4 Energy efficiency and energy services 179
10.5 From rhetoric to action 181
11. Carbon Trading
by Steve Sorrell 183
11.1 The role of carbon trading 183
11.2 The EU Emissions Trading Scheme 189
11.3 Economic, social and environmental considerations 195
11.4 Carbon trading in the UK 202
11.5 Making carbon trading effective 206
12. Global Energy Solutions?
by Ivan Scrase 209
12.1 The potential for global technical fixes 210
12.2 Technology transfer 216
12.3 From competition to cooperation 219
Part III Conclusions and Policy Implications
13. Conclusions: Transitions, Governance and Appraisal
by Jim Watson 223
13.1 Transitions 224
13.2 Governance 229
13.3 Appraisal 234
14. Energy Policy Implications
by Jim Watson 239
14.1 New principles and approaches 240
14.2 Stimulating infrastructure and technology change 242
14.3 Reforming institutions and markets 244
14.4 Building authority and legitimacy in government 246
14.5 The new agenda 248
Afterword: Sustainable Energy - The Challenge of Choice
by Andy Stirling 251
References 261
Index 284