Contents: Introduction; Part I Theoretical Background: Evolutionary psychology: a new paradigm for psychological science, David M. Buss; A critique of Darwinian anthropology, Donald Symons; Human evolutionary psychology and animal behaviour, Martin Daly and Margo I. Wilson; Controversies in the evolutionary social sciences: a guide for the perplexed, Eric A. Smith, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder and Kim Hill. Part II The Massive Modularity Hypothesis: Domain-specific reasoning: social contracts, cheating and perspective change, Gerd Gigerenzer and Klaus Hug; Evolutionary psychology and the massive modularity hypothesis, Richard Samuels; Evolutionary psychology, meet developmental neurobiology: against promiscuous modularity, David J. Buller and Valerie Gray Hardcastle. Part III Adaptationism: Evolutionary psychology: the burdens of proof, Elisabeth A. Lloyd; The historical turn in the study of adaptation, Paul E. Griffiths; How to pursue the adaptationist program in psychology, Russil Durrant and Brian D. Haig; Methodology in evolutionary psychology, Sally Ferguson. Part IV The Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness: The past explains the present: emotional adaptations and the structure of ancestral environments, John Tooby and Leda Cosmides; The adaptive legacy of human evolution: a search for the environment of evolutionary adaptedness, Robert Foley; Adaptively relevant environments versus the environment of evolutionary adaptedness, William Irons. Part V Cultural Universals: On the universality of human nature and the uniqueness of the individual: the role of genetics and adaptation, John Tooby and Leda Cosmides; The odd couple: the compatibility of social construction and evolutionary psychology, Ron Mallon and Stephen P. Stich ; Evolutionary psychology, human universals, and the standard social science model, Neil Levy; Index.