Section I Approaches to Understanding of the Neural Network’s Functions: Psychological Constructs versus Neural Mechanisms: Different Perspectives for Advanced Research of Cognitive Processes and Development of Neuroadaptive Technologies. The Neural Cybernetics of Executive Control and Learning. A New Neural Framework for Adaptive and Maladaptive Behaviors in Changeable and Demanding Environments. Object Perception versus Target-Directed Manual Actions. The Neural Control of Visually Guided Eye Movements. Sleep Deprivation and Error Negativity: A Review and Reappraisal. Section II Neuroadaptive Systems: Challenges and Applications: Augmenting Human Performance. Electroencephalographic Metrics of Workload and Learner Engagement. Brain?Computer Interfaces: Effects on Brain Activation and Behavior. Neuroadaptive Systems: Challenges and Opportunities in Creating Symbiotic Relationships between Humans and the Machines They Use. Eye-Tracking Data Analysis and Neuroergonomics. Potential Applications of Systems Modeling Language and Systems Dynamics to Simulate and Model Complex Human Brain Functions. Neuroethics: Considerations for a Future Embedded with Neurotechnology. Index.