제1부 맞수의 앞 시대 ······························································· 13

Ⅰ. 고구려 미천왕 ······································································· 15
1. 즉위 과정 ··········································································· 15
2. 왕권 중심의 정치 운영 ······················································ 22
3. 정복 활동: 서안평 점령과 낙랑군·대방군 병합 ··············· 25
4. 대외관계 ············································································· 28
Ⅱ. 백제 비류왕 ··········································································· 35
1. 출계와 나이 문제 ······························································· 35
2. 즉위 과정 ··········································································· 37
3. 정치적 기반의 확대와 부체제의 해체 ······························ 40
4. 군사권 장악과 영역 확대 ·················································· 45
5. 벽골지 축조와 경제 기반의 확대 ····································· 47
6. 백제국이라는 이름으로 중국과 교섭 ································ 49

제2부 맞수의 등장 ······································································ 53

Ⅰ. 고구려 고국원왕 ···································································· 55
1. 국가 운영의 기본 방향 ······················································ 55
2. 체제 정비 ··········································································· 60
3. ‘태왕호’와 ‘연수’ 연호의 사용과 독자적 천하관 ············· 69
4. 의관제의 정비 ···································································· 78
5. 인재 등용: 동수 등 중국계 인물의 등용 ······················· 81
6. 정치 운영과 귀족합좌제 ···················································· 84
Ⅱ. 백제 근초고왕 ······································································· 87
1. 부여씨의 왕위 계승권 확립 ·············································· 87
2. 중앙과 지방 통치조직의 정비 ········································· 92
3. 유교 정치이념의 확산과 역사서 편찬 ···························· 102
4. 율령의 반포와 시행 ························································· 104
5. 의관제의 정비: 금동관과 관 장식 ·································· 108
6. 인재 등용: 박사 고흥과 박사 왕인 ······························· 111
7. 정치운영과 대신회의 ······················································· 114

제3부 맞수의 대결 ···································································· 117

Ⅰ. 고국원왕의 서진 좌절과 남진 정책 ··································· 119
1. 고구려의 전연에 대한 대비 ············································· 119
2. 전연의 공격과 고구려의 승리 ······································· 126
3. 서진의 좌절과 남진 추구 ················································ 138
Ⅱ. 근초고왕의 남방 경략과 북진 추구 ··································· 150
1. 남방 경략의 주체와 시기 ················································ 150
2. 신라와의 관계: 약위형제 관계 ········································ 152
3. 가야제국과의 관계: 부형-자제 관계 ······························· 153
4. 영산강 유역 신미국 세력의 병합과 북진 추구 ·············· 155
Ⅲ. 평양성 전투 ········································································· 162
1. 치양 전투: 1차 전초전 ···················································· 162
2. 패하 전투: 2차 전초전 ···················································· 170
3. 평양성 전투와 고국원왕의 전사 ····································· 173
Ⅳ. 맞수의 능묘 ········································································· 179
1. 고국원왕릉: 천추총 ·························································· 179
2. 근초고왕릉: 석촌동 3호분 ··············································· 185

제4부 맞수의 대결 이후 ··························································· 191

Ⅰ. 다시 체제를 정비한 고구려 소수림왕 ······························· 193
1. 즉위와 별칭 소해주류왕 ················································ 193
2. 체제 정비 ········································································· 196
3. 대외 교섭과 교류 ····························································· 204
4. 소수림에 묻힌 소수림왕 ·················································· 208
Ⅱ. 전성기를 구가한 백제 근초고왕 ········································ 209
1. 고구려에 대한 대비 ························································· 209
2. 국제적 위상의 고양 ························································· 213
3. 독자적 천하관 표방 ························································· 219
Ⅲ. 수성의 군주, 백제 근구수왕 ··············································· 222
1. 진씨왕비 ··········································································· 222
2. 국정운영의 기본 방향 ······················································ 224
3. 삼교포함 사상 ································································ 225
4. 동진 및 16국과의 관계 ··················································· 228
5. 아름답지 못한 최후 ························································· 230
Ⅳ. 다시 불붙은 공방전 ···························································· 232
1. 수곡성을 둘러싼 공방전 ·················································· 232
2. 백제 북쪽 경계에서의 전투 ············································· 233
3. 제2차 평양성 공방 ··························································· 234
4. 소강상태 ··········································································· 236

맺는 글: 평양성과 평양성 전투의 역사적 의미 ······················ 239
1. 평양성에 대한 인식 ························································· 239
2. 고구려의 부도 평양성 ······················································ 240
3. 평양성 전투의 역사적 의미 ············································· 245
4. ‘일통삼한’ 의식과 평양 ··················································· 248

후주 254
찾아보기 296