Introduction Part1: Concepts, Categories, and Identity 1. Martial Categories Revisited 2. Understanding and Presenting Martial Arts in Terms of the Philosophy and Cultural Analyses of the Rzeszów School 3. Ritual Warfare, Trance Dance and Martial Arts: Same Fight? The Indonesian Case 4. Is Chinese Martial Arts Chinese? 5. Forms and National Identity in Traditional Martial Arts Part2:Embodiment, Region, and Tradition 6. The Body as Archive: Malay Silat, Cultural Memory, and the Problem of Forgetting 7. Guardians of the Smoke: Expressions of Combat in Western Micronesia 8. The Overlooked Martial Arts of Spain and Portugal: Internal Logic, Aesthetics, and the Iberian Martial Paradox 9. Tai Chi Sword as an Extension of Tai Chi Pedagogy: A Cognitive–Cultural Study Through the Lens of Material Engagement Part3:Aesthetics, Cognition, and Representation 10.Aesthetic, Poetry, and Music Innovation in Afro-Brazilian Capoeira 11. Between Combat and Performance: Aesthetic Reconfiguration in Chinese Martial–Dance Practice 12. Martial Arts and the Third Wave of Cognitive Behavioural Therapies: The Impact of Martial Arts on Mental Health and the Commercialisation of Wellbeing 13. The Matrix of Combat: Realism versus Mythologisation in the Films of Bruce Lee and Ang Lee