Introduction: (De)Legitimization and Participation in the Digitized Public Sphere

Andrew S. Ross and Damian J. Rivers

Part I: Participatory Language Use Online and Discursive Positioning

Chapter 1: (De)Legitimizing Language Uses in Language Ideological Debates Online

Antonio Reyes

Chapter 2: Persuasion by Commonality: Legitimizing Actions through Discourse on Common Sense in a Japanese Advice Forum

Giancarla Unser-Schutz

Chapter 3: A Name Rightly Given? The Use, Abuse, and Adoption of the Term "Cybernat" During the Scottish Referendum Debate

Rowan R. Mackay

Chapter 4: Online Performances of Expertise by Sustainability Practitioners: Tracing Communicative Episodes of Professional (De)Legitimization

Rahul Mitra

Part II: Discursive (De)Legitimization through Social Media Participation

Chapter 5: ‘Stop the Boats’: Internet Memes as Case Study of Multimodal Delegitimization of Australian Refugee Policy Rhetoric

Andrew S. Ross

Chapter 6: Understanding Participatory Culture through Hashtag Activism after the Orlando Pulse Tragedy

Nicholas DeArmas, Jennifer Roth Miller, Wendy Givoglu, David Thomas Moran and Stephanie Vie

Chapter 7: Digital Narratives of Struggle and Legitimacy in the Arab Spring

Aditi Bhatia

Chapter 8: Not the Desired Offspring: #FertilityDay, the Italian Ministry of Health, and the Campaign that Wasn’t

Tommaso Trillo

Chapter 9: Nike Y U No Do It Yourself: Decrowning Brands by Means of Memes

Vittorio Montieri

Part III: (De)Legitimization in Production, Participation and Performance

Chapter 10: Always On, But Never There: Political Parody, the Carnivalesque, and the Rise of the ‘Nectorate’

Annamaria Neag and Richard Berger

Chapter 11: Trolling as Creative Insurgency: The Carnivalesque Delegitimization of Putin and His Supporters in Online Newspaper Commentary

Alla V. Tovares

Chapter 12: Political Cartoons as Creative Insurgency: Delegitimization in the Culture of Convergence

Damian J. Rivers

Chapter 13: Participation That Makes a Difference and Differences in Participation: Highrise ? An Interactive Documentary Project for Change

Anna Wiehl

Chapter 14: Film Festival Participation and Identity Formation: Non-Professional Creativity and the Pleasures of Mobile Filmmaking

Gavin Wilson

Part IV: (De)Legitimizing Participatory Discourses of Religion

Chapter 15: Modding as a Strategy to (De)Legitimize Representations of Religion in the Civilization Game Franchise

Stefan Werning

Chapter 16: Identity, Social Media and Religion: (De)Legitimization of Identity Construction through the Language of Religion

Soudeh Ghaffari