Table of Contents

List of tables

List of illustrations

Preface

Acknowledgements

Terminological Note

1 The problem

1.1 What is pluricentricity?

1.2 What is pluri-areality?

1.3 Pluricentricity in the world

1.4 Pluricentricity in the Germanic languages

1.5 An outline of the book

2 Standardizing German: concepts and background

2.1 Contiguous borders vs. sea borders

2.2 What's in a name?

2.3 The standardization of written German

2.4 Abstand, ausbau language and "roofing"

3 The international pluricentric model

3.1 English

3.2 Northern Germanic

3.3 Belgian Dutch (Flemish) and Dutch Dutch

3.4 Luxembourgish

4 The German "pluri-areal" model

4.1 Dialectological context

4.2 Pluricentric and monocentric models of German

4.3 The Upper Austrian ? Bavarian border

4.4 A pluricentrist turned pluri-arealist

5 The case against pluricentricity

5.1 Pluricentricity and the Osterreichisches Worterbuch (OWB)

5.2 The charge of ideology vs. enregistering ideology

5.3 The pluri-arealist bias

5.4 Reinterpreting Auer (2005)

5.5 Pluricentricity: outdated in a borderless Europe vs. homo nationalis?

6 The case against "pluri-areality"

6.1 Demystifying pluri-areality = "geographical variation"

6.2 A-theoretical empiricism

6.3 The Axiom of Categoricity

6.4 Type vs. tokens and social salience

6.5 Formulae in a black box

7 The lynchpin: speaker attitudes

7.1 State Nation Austria vs. Nation State Germany

7.2 Linguistic insecurity

7.3 German mother-tongue language instruction

7.4 Language planning and pedagogy

8 Examples: trends, not categoricity

8.1 An undetected Austrianism: Anpatzen 'make disreputable'

8.2 An unlikely Austrianism: der Tormann 'goal tender'

8.3 An even unlikelier Austrianism: hudeln

8.4 An enregistered Austrianism: es geht sich (nicht) aus

8.5 A typology of Austrianisms

9 Safeguards in the Modelling of Standard Varieties

9.1 The Uniformitarian Principle: "vertical" and "horizontal"

9.2 Explicit and falsifiable theories

9.3 "The speaker is always right": pedagogical implications

9.4 The language political angle of "pluri-areality"

9.5 Considering political borders

10 Bibliography

General Index