Table of Contents

Acknowledgements

Prologue

Chapter 1: The Ch’?llima Movement, Taean Systems, and Centralized Planning

1-1) The Strategy of Prioritizing Heavy Industry and the Py?ngjin (Parallel) Route

1-2) Taean System and Unified and Detailed Planning System

1-3) Efforts to Correct the Imbalance Between ‘Accumulation and Consumption’

1-3a) part I: Fostering Light Industry

1-3b) part II: Local Budget System and Local Industrial Factories

1-4) Return to the Policy of Prioritizing Heavy Industry: The Ten Grand Goals of Socialist Economic Construction

1-5) Rationalization of Planning: The Independent Accounting System and the United Enterprise System

Chapter 2: Military-First Politics, CNC, and the “Pursuit of Maximum Practical Benefits While Adhering to Socialist Principles” Route

2-1) The Arduous March and Military-First Politics

2-2) Revolutionary Soldier Spirit and Kanggye Spirit

2-3) Kim Jong Il’s Strategy of Focus on Science and Technology

Appendix to Chapter 2: Meaning and Implication of the 10·3 Discourse

Chapter 3: Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System and CNC-based Industrialization

3-1) Normalization of Production and the Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System

3-2) Key Features of the Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System

3-3) Commercial Banking and Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System

3-4) The Evolution of the Market in the DPRK and the Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System

Appendix to Chapter 3: The Nature of Inflation in the DPRK and Estimation of Size and Growth of Gross Domestic Product of the DPRK after the Normalization of Production

Chapter 4: General Summary and Evaluation of the DPRK’s Economic Construction and Economic Management System

4-1) The Kim Il Sung era (1949-1994): Building Socialist Economic Construction and Management Based on Taean System

4-2) The Kim Jong Il era (1995-2011): Two Means of Overcoming Arduous March: Military-First Politics and Advancement in Science and Technology

4-3) Kim Jong-un Era (2012- ): The Era of the Socialist Enterprise Responsibility Management System, the Embodiment of DPRK’s Unique Economic Management System Based on the Legacies of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il

Epilogue

Postscript

Bibliography

Index