Introduction Part I: Preliminary elements 1. Money and institutions: a historical perspective 2. The effects of the dominance of finance on the economy and on policy Part II: Basic concepts and analyses 3. Say’s Law and the Principle of Effective Demand 4. Theories of income distribution in an economy producing one-commodity 5. Theories of distribution in an economy producing more than one commodity 6. Rationality and uncertainty Part III: Keynes and Sraffa on money, distribution, and production 7. The evolution of Keynes’ work on the role of money in the economic process 8. Keynes’ and Sraffa’s monetary writings and the Cambridge Tradition Part IV: A monetary interpretation of the recent rise of inequality and of stagnation 9. The evolution of financial regulation in USA 10. Rising systemic risk and financial crises 11. US monetary policy and the decline in the interest rates (1990-2007) 12. The dominance of finance in emerging economies 13. Financial industry, inequality, and stagnation: a multi-sectorial economy Conclusions