Barron's Essential 5 xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Introduction xv
Overview of the AP Music Theory Exam xv
How to Use This Book xviii
Curriculum Content xix
Test-Taking Strategies xx
1. Music Fundamentals 1
Aspects of Sound 1
The Staff and Clefs 4
Notation 9
Chapter Summary 11
Practice Exercises 12
Answer Key 14
Answers Explained 14
2. Rhythm, Meter, and Metric Organization 15
Notating Rhythm 15
Metric Organization 17
Rhythmic Notation Guidelines 23
Review 24
Chapter Summary 25
Practice Exercises 26
Answer Key 33
Answers Explained 33
3. Scales, Keys, and Modes 35
Chromatic, Major, and Minor Scales 36
Scale Degree Names 48
Whole-Tone and Pentatonic Scales 51
Church Modes 52
Review 55
Chapter Summary 56
Practice Exercises 58
Answer Key 63
Answers Explained 63
Tracks 1-4 Aural Unit 1 Multiple-Choice Questions for Chapters 1-3 65
Answer Key 74
Answers Explained 74
4. Aural Skills Part I: Fundamentals and Singing 77
Aural Skills Components of the AP Music Theory Exam 77
Singing 80
Melodies to Practice Singing 95
5. Harmonic Organization I: Intervals, Triads, and Seventh Chords 103
Intervals 104
Review 111
Triads 112
Chord Inversions 114
Seventh Chords 115
Review 117
Chapter Summary 119
Practice Exercises 121
Answer Key 124
Answers Explained 124
6. Harmonic Organization II: Chords in Diatonic Context 127
Triads in a Diatonic Context 127
Diatonic Seventh Chords 131
Inversion Symbols 133
Figured Bass 138
Chapter Summary 141
Practice Exercises 143
Answer Key 150
Answers Explained 150
7. Harmonic Organization III: Function and Cadences 151
Chord Function 151
Cadences 154
Review 157
Chapter Summary 159
Practice Exercises 160
Answer Key 164
Answers Explained 164
Tracks 5-10 Aural Unit 2 Multiple-Choice Questions for Chapters 5-7 167
Answer Key 179
Answers Explained 179
8. Harmonic Composition Part I: Fundamentals 183
The Simple Part-Writing Rules 184
Part Writing as a Game 188
Four Part-Writing Examples from Figured Bass and Roman Numerals 189
Chapter Summary 199
Practice Exercises 201
Answer Key 206
Answers Explained 206
9. Harmonic Progression and Harmonizing a Melody 209
Harmonic Progression 209
Fundamentals of Melodic Harmonization 216
Chapter Summary 223
Practice Exercises 224
Answer Key 228
Answers Explained 228
10. Melodic Composition 231
The Building Blocks of Melodic Form 231
Melodic Structure 233
Review 234
Woodworth (Track 181) 239
Non-Chord Tones 243
O Haupt voll Blut und Wunden (Track 182) 246
Chapter Summary 248
Practice Exercises 249
Answer Key 255
Answers Explained 255
Tracks 11-35 11 Aural Skills Part II: Melodic Dictation 257
What Skills Are Required for Successful Melodic Dictation? 257
Understanding the Melody 257
Understanding the Rhythm 258
Practice Exercises 259
Answers Explained 264
12. Key Relationships 269
Mode Mixture 269
Modulation 270
Closely Related Keys 271
Review 272
Piano Sonata, Op 2, No. 1 (Track 183) 272
Minuet in G (Track 184) 273
Chapter Summary 275
Practice Exercises 276
Answer Key 283
Answers Explained 283
13. Secondary Function Harmony 285
Secondary Dominants and Leading Tones 286
Recognizing 286
Building and Resolving 287
Hearing and Notating 290
Relating Secondary Function Harmony to Other Skills 291
Sight-Singing 291
Melodic Dictation 292
Harmonizing a Melody (FR 7) 292
Harmonic Dictation 293
Part Writing and Figured Bass Realization 295
St. Anne (Track 185) 294
Chapter Summary 296
Practice Exercises 297
Answer Key 304
Answers Explained 304
Tracks 36-40 Aural Unit 3 Multiple-Choice Questions for Chapters 10, 12, 13 307
Answer Key 316
Answers Explained 316
14. Harmonic Composition Part II: The Process 321
Part-Writing and Figured Bass Examples 321
Answering Free-Response Part-Writing Questions 334
Additional Practice Examples 344
Chapter Summary 347
Practice Exercises 348
Answer Key 351
Answers Explained 351
Tracks 41-100 15 Aural Skills Part III: Harmonic Dictation 353
Harmonic Implied Harmonies 353
Implied Harmonies 355
Recognizing and Notating Cadences 355
Practice Exercises 358
Recognizing and Notating Phrase Beginnings 366
Practice Exercises 368
Recognizing and Notating the Mid-Phrase 374
Practice Exercises 376
Answers Explained 381
16. Visual Score Analysis Part I 399
Phrase Structure and Sectional Form 400
Texture 401
Instrumentation and Identification of Timbre 410
Transposition 411
Chapter Summary 413
Practice Exercises 415
Answer Key 424
Answers Explained 424
17. Visual Score Analysis Part II: Strategies for Multiple-Choice Part B 427
Musical Elements 427
Practice Exercises 429
Answer Key 439
Answers Explained 439
Tracks 101-107 18 Strategies for Multiple-Choice Part A 443
Developing Your Listening Skills 443
Tips for Contextual Listening 445
Practice Exercises 448
Answer Key 462
Answers Explained 462
Tracks 108-129 19 Strategies for Melodic Dictation: FR 1 and FR 2 467
Practice Exercises 474
Answers Explained 482
Tracks 130-142 20 Strategies for Harmonic Dictation: FR 3 and FR 4 487
Preparing for Harmonic Dictation 487
Review 489
Other Tips to Maximize Success 491
Practice Exercises 492
Answers Explained 497
21. Strategies for Harmonizing a Melody: FR 7 507
Review the Process 507
The Menu 507
Tips for Writing Cadences 508
Tips for Writing Phrase Beginnings 511
Tips for Writing Everything Else 512
A Few More Comments About Exam Strategy 522
Additional Practice Examples 523
Possible Solutions 526
22. Strategies for Sight-Singing 529
Tips for Successful Sight-Singing 529
Other Hints 531
Melodies for Sight-Singing Practice 533
Practice Tests 537
Answer Key 571
Answers Explained 572
Self-Scoring Guide 585
Test Analysis 587
Answer Key 624
Answers Explained 625
Self-Scoring Guide 636
Test Analysis 638
Appendix A Additional Information 641
The Circle of Fifths 641
The Key Signature Tool 642
The Circle of Major Triads 643
How to Visually Identify Major Triads 645
Modal Key Signatures 646
Side-by-Side Comparison of Diatonic Triads and Seventh Chords 648
The String Family 649
The Woodwind Family 650
The Brass Family 651
Instrument Names-English, Italian, German, French 652
Performance Considerations 653
Tracks 169-180 Appendix B Music for further Study 661
Aberystwyth (Track 169) 661
Angel's Story (Track 170) 662
Aurelia (Track 171) 663
Cranham (Track 172) 664
Eventide (Track 173) 665
Hall (Track 174) 666
He Leadeth Me (Track 175) 667
Lancashire (Track 176) 668
Llangloffan (Track 177) 669
O Word of God Incarnate (Track 178) 670
Rustington (Track 179) 671
Salzburg (Track 180) 672
Appendix C Part-Writing and Melodic Harmonization Examples 673
Part-Writing Examples 673
Melodic Harmonization Examples 682
Appendix D Index of Contextual Listening Aural Examples 693
Appendix E For Teachers (Information, Strategies, and Lessons for the Classroom) 695
Connecting the Dots 695
Resources: Here's What You Need to Teach AP Music Theory 695
Other Strategies 697
Ten Brain Teasers 699
Introducing Intervals by Quantity Only 699
Singing to Roman Numerals 701
Exam Checklist 701
Additional Lessons 703
Answers 711
Index 719