How to Use This Book xi
Barron's Essential 5 xii
Introduction 1
How to Review for the AP Physics Exam 1
Guide to This Review Book 1
Graphical Analysis of Data 3
Description of the AP Physics C Exam 3
Other Uses of This Book 4
What Do You Think? 5
Diagnostic Test 9
Answer Key: Mechanics 29
Answer Explanations: Mechanics 30
Answer Key: Electricity and Magnetism 39
Answer Explanations: Electricity and Magnetism 40
1. Background 51
Vectors 51
Unit Analysis 55
Problem-Solving Techniques 56
2. Kinematics 59
Definitions: One Dimension 59
Summary of Equations: One Dimension 67
Problem Solving: One Dimension 68
Definitions: Two Dimensions 68
Problem Solving: Two Dimensions 71
Projectile Motion 72
Relative Position, Velocity, and Acceleration 80
Uniform Circular Motion 84
Acceleration In Nonuniform Circular Motion 86
Practice Exercises 88
Answer Key 92
Answer Explanations 92
3. Newton's Laws 97
Mass vs Weight 99
General Approach to Solving Newton's Law Problems 102
Practice Exercises 117
Answer Key 121
Answer Explanations 121
4. Work, Energy, and Power 131
Work 131
Conservative and Nonconservative Forces 136
Gravitational Potential Energy 137
Spring Force (Hooke's Law) 138
Elastic Potential Energy 139
Unification of Gravitational and Elastic Potential Energy 140
Power 143
Solving Conservation of Energy Problems (Equation Summary) 145
Practice Exercises 147
Answer Key 151
Answer Explanations 151
5. Linear Momentum and Center of Mass 159
Momentum 159
Center of Mass 167
Practice Exercises 172
Answer Key 176
Answer Explanations 176
6. Rotation I: Kinematics, Force, Work, and Energy 181
The Motivation for Developing New Parameters 181
Fundamental Equations of Angular Kinematics 183
The Relationships Between Angular and Linear Quantities 184
Rotational Kinetic Energy 184
Torque 185
Rotational Analog of Newton's Second Law 185
Work Done by an External Force 188
Power Associated with a Torque 190
Equation Summary with Translational Analogs 190
Problem Solving 191
Practice Exercises 193
Answer Key 197
Answer Explanations 197
7. Rotation II: Inertia, Equilibrium, and Combined Rotation/Translation 203
Parallel Axis Theorem 208
Angular Momentum 210
Rolling Without Slipping 214
Static Equilibrium for Extended Objects 218
Practice Exercises 223
Answer Key 229
Answer Explanations 229
8. Simple Harmonic Motion 239
Problem Solving: Calculating The Angular Frequency of Oscillation 243
Problem Solving: Using Energy Conservation 246
Practice Exercises 250
Answer Key 255
Answer Explanations 255
9. Universal Gravitation 261
Gravitation Due to Spherically Symmetric Mass Distributions 261
Relating g to G 265
Gravitational Field 265
Kepler's Third Law 267
Gravitational Potential Energy 267
Practice Exercises 272
Answer Key 276
Answer Explanations 276
10. Electrostatics 283
Coulomb's Law 283
The Concept of Fields: Gravitational Fields and Electric Fields 285
Potential and Voltage 289
Calculating the Potential Due to a Continuous Charge Density: A General Approach 296
Direct Conversion Between Electric Field and Potential 301
Calculating the Electric Field Due to a Continuous Charge Density: A General Approach 302
Practice Exercises 311
Answer Key 316
Answer Explanations 316
11. Gauss's Law 327
The Concept of Flux 327
Gauss's Law 328
Practice Exercises 341
Answer Key 345
Answer Explanations 345
12. Capacitors 349
Qualitative Introduction to Capacitors 349
Capacitance 350
Practice Exercises 358
Answer Key 362
Answer Explanations 362
13. Analysis of Circuits Containing Batteries, Resistors and Capacitors 369
Conventional Current 369
Current Density and Drift Velocity 370
Resistance 373
Voltmeters and Ammeters 379
Analysis of Circuits Containing Multiple Batteries: Kirchhoff's Laws 380
Kirchhoff's Laws 380
RC Circuits 387
General Approach to Deriving Equations For RC Circuits 387
Discharging a Capacitor 388
Charging a Capacitor 390
Time Constants 392
Practice Exercises 394
Answer Key 399
Answer Explanations 399
14. Magnetic Fields 405
What Is a Magnetic Field? 405
Problem Solving: Mass Spectrometer Problems 409
Sources of Magnetic Fields 411
Ampere's Law 420
Problem Solving: How To Apply Ampere's Law 421
Practice Exercises 425
Answer Key 430
Answer Explanations 430
15. Electromagnetism 435
Calculating The Magnetic Flux Φ B 435
Faraday's Law 436
Lenz's Law and Determining the Direction of the EMF 442
Maxwell's Equations 446
Practice Exercises 448
Answer Key 453
Answer Explanations 453
16. Inductors 461
Qualitative Understanding of Self-Inductance 461
Quantitative Definition of Self-Inductance 462
Energy Stored In an Inductor 462
RL Circuits (Circuits Containing Inductors and Resistors) 464
LC Circuits (Circuits Containing a Capacitor and an Inductor) 469
Practice Exercises 474
Answer Key 480
Answer Explanations 480
Practice Test 1 489
Answer Key 512
Answer Explanations: Mechanics 513
Answer Explanations: Electricity and Magnetism 521
Practice Test 2 533
Answer Key 555
Answer Explanations: Mechanics 556
Answer Explanations: Electricity and Magnetism 563
Appendix: Physics C Equations and Constants 575
Index 579